If you are reading this, you probably have a Spanish employment document in front of you and limited time to react. This guide focuses on the rule to check, the number to verify and the practical steps I would take before signing.
The ERTE & collective layoffs section groups related guides for context. When a figure changes every year, mark it and check the official source before relying on it.
Which rule should you check first?
For this topic, start with temporary or final measure, severance, unemployment benefit, procedure and information rights.. Spanish employment documents often use terms such as finiquito (final settlement), paro (contributory unemployment benefit), SMAC or baja médica (sick leave). Keep the Spanish term beside the English explanation so you do not lose meaning.
| Point to check | Why it matters |
|---|---|
| Start and end date | They affect seniority, holiday and legal caps. |
| Gross salary | Most Spanish employment calculations start from gross pay. |
| Document received | The letter or settlement frames what can be challenged. |
| Deadline | Some rights expire quickly if you do nothing. |
How does it work with numbers?
In an ERTE, your contract is temporarily suspended or reduced; in an extinction ERE, the contract ends. If the company closes a site and terminates contracts, the minimum severance reference is usually objective dismissal severance.
My advice is to repeat the calculation separately. Use annual gross salary where required, separate each item and do not mix gross and net. If a figure depends on a yearly public amount or collective agreement, flag it for review before relying on it.
As a 2026 reference, in an ERTE for economic, technical, organisational or production reasons, the benefit is 70% of the regulatory base for the first 180 days and 60% from day 181. In a force-majeure ERTE, SEPE states that the rate is 70% throughout the measure. Legal minimum and maximum caps still apply and may vary for part-time work or depending on dependent children.
Which documents should you keep?
Keep the letter, the finiquito, recent payslips, your contract, any social security work history you have and messages about the decision. If something was said verbally, write down the date, who was present and the exact point discussed. A clean timeline helps more than a folder full of unsorted screenshots.
If you are an expatriate, remember that many procedures and documents are in Spanish. You may need NIE, Social Security number and SEPE registration depending on the issue. Do not translate legal words too freely; keep the original Spanish term.
Common mistakes
The first mistake is signing under pressure. A signature does not always block a claim, but signing as fully agreed before checking the figures makes the discussion harder. The second mistake is looking only at the total. A single total can hide badly calculated holiday or a missing severance item.
The third mistake is missing the deadline. Dismissal challenges are especially time-sensitive. Wage claims may have a different timeline, but evidence still gets harder to organise as time passes.
What I’d do
- Ask for a copy of every document before leaving the meeting.
- Write “received, not in agreement” if I cannot review it calmly.
- Make an independent gross calculation with dates and salary.
- Check the collective agreement, legal rule and official source.
- If serious money or discrimination may be involved, speak to a lawyer or union.
Useful internal links
Continue with How long can you receive unemployment benefit in Spain?. If the issue involves gross versus net salary, compare later with NetoReal’s gross-to-net salary tool where it fits.
Clear takeaway
You do not need to be a Spanish employment lawyer to spot a strange figure. You need method, dates and official sources. If the document does not match what you worked or earned, do not let discomfort decide for you. Review first, decide after.